The Toyota Prius (XW20) is a full hybrid electric mid-size car developed and manufactured by the Toyota Motor Corporation. The second generation Prius had been totally re hatchback midsize. The Toyota Prius XW20 series represented the second generation of the Toyota Prius, insteadToyota Prius XW10 its predecessor. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and California Air Resources Board (Carb) and to estimate the Toyota Prius as they were clean vehicles sold in the United States based on smog forming emissions of toxic in 2008 Toyota sold 1,192,000 of the Toyota Prius second generation around the world.

Toyota Prius Development

In 2003, the Toyota Prius was completely reset as a mid-size a liftback, and between the Corolla and Camry, and is distributed mechanical and interior space significantly increasing rear-seat legroom and luggage. The Prius 2004 more for the environment than the model 1997-2003 (according to the EPA), and 6 inches (150 mm) longer than the previous version. Aerodynamic more Kammback body measurements, length and wind resistant Its resulting in a coefficient of drag (Cd) of 0.26. The development effort, led by chief engineer Shigeyuki Hori, led to 530 patents for the car.

The Toyota Prius uses an all-electric A / C compressor for cooling, an industry first, and adds an electric power steering system to reduce engine belt-driven engine accessories. Combined with a smaller and lighter NiMH battery, the XW20 is more powerful and efficient than XW11. In the US, the battery of the 2004 Prius is specified for 100,000 miles (160,000 km) or 8. Warranty for parts of the hybrid California Central seven have adopted strong California emission control standards is 150,000 miles (240,000 km) or 10 years.

Toyota Prius Battery

The second generation Toyota Prius makes use of 201.6v NiMH battery composed of 28 modules, where each module is made of 6 each 1.2v 6.5Ah Prismatic NiMH cells. The 7.2v modules each contain a control relay. The 28 modules are connected in a series to produce energy storage capacity 1.310kWh (via 201.6 Coprobaptized 6.5Ah). The computer control battery and keep the state of charge (SOC) between about 40% and 80%, (shallow cycling), where SOC rate hovers around 60%, allowing about 400Wh useful energy storage to capture energy from regenerative braking and release back into the hybrid drive-train through the Motor-generator 1 and Motor-generator 2 power split device.

The shallow cycling makes hybrid battery to last tens of thousands of cycles, which translates into tens of years of use and many of the more than 200,000 miles of operation. The charging computer controlled and the release of the battery improves its life cycle, calendar life, and thermal control performance. Passive cooling battery heating is accomplished through metal case of the battery pack assembly, while forced air cooling system with Blower motor and ducting makes active cooling of HV battery. It is classified as a SULEV (Super Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle) and certified by the California Air Resources Board as “Advanced Technology Partial Zero Emission Vehicle” (AT-PZEV).

Among the options Prius’s no implementation of Toyota’s a Smart Key System (feature can be user-deactivated), DVD navigation screen multi-function, Vehicle Stability Control and Bluetooth for hands-free calling. Helping A new Parking available Intelligent Japan and Europe since its launch.

Since 2005 to 2009, the second-generation toyota Prius built by FAW-Toyota in the city of Changchun for the Chinese market. It was reported that a total of 2.152 Prius were sold in 2006 and 414 in 2007. The sales comparison was blamed on high price, nearly $ 15,000 higher than the equivalent in Japan or the US, resulting from the activities of the top parts of the countries. In early March 2008, Toyota cut the price of a Prius to eight percent or US $ 3,000 to CN ¥ 259,800 (US $ 36,500). It was thought that the sales dropped due to both the lack of approval of the competition. The Honda Civic Hybrid exported to China in 2007.

Toyota design and development efforts paid off during the 2005 European Car of the Year contest where Prius overcome before the Citroen C4 and Ford Focus. The Prius and the Nissan Leaf are the only vehicles using drivewheel electric motors won the race, where the usual winners are conventional hatchbacks and sedans / saloons from major European manufacturers. Since 2006 to 2009 Toyota tested 126 Prius models in the US, Japan and Europe had the battery NiMH battery pack Lithium-ion.

In July 2007, Toyota received both the approval of the Japanese and American government begin testing plug-in hybrid models using modified NiMH battery on public roads. The first plug-in Prius in America to South Carolina. Researchers at the Advanced Power and Energy Program at the University of California, Irvine and the Institute of Transportation Studies at the University of California, Berkeley, began testing two specially made Prius decoding driver behavior, a study of air quality and energy consumption.

Toyota Prius Fuel Consumption

In the US, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) test results posted on new car windows, and only petrol statistics that can be advertised. EPA testing procedures for all vehicles are revised in 2007 in an effort to better understand what the driver would achieve.

Toyota Prius Air Pollution

In the United States EPA measures the air-borne contamination of the vehicle based on hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, particulate matter and formaldehyde before assigning points. In most XW20 Prius is rated Tier II Bin 3. carb does its emission goals, the XW20 Prius meets AT-PZEV certification in California carb states adopted laws sperm.

The Toyota Prius econd generation joined the MINI Cooper D as the fourth least CO2-emitting vehicles at 104 g / km, after the Ford Fiesta Econetic at 98 g / km and tied Volkswagen Polo 1.4 TDI / Seat Ibiza 1.4 TDI at 99 g / km, is the fuel powered Toyota Prius at least CO2-emitting, from Ford and Polo / Ibiza (both of which are cars in the city) run on diesel.

Toyota Prius Safety

US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) crash tests the 2004 US model year toyota Prius yielded four star driver-star rating passengers in the frontal-impact test (out of five stars). Side crash results were four out of five stars for both front and rear seats. The toyota Prius scored four stars five rollover testing.

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety crash testing points of the toyota PriusGood general in frontal collision and general Good in side-impact collisions in models equipped with side airbags. A score Poor given models without side airbag. Side curtain chest airbag became standard on 2007 models American. In 2004, EuroNCAP tested the Toyota Prius. toyota Priusreceived ratings as: Adult resident: 5/5 stars Child resident: 4/5 stars Pedestrian: 2/4 stars.

Toyota Prius XW20 Blue